Yarn cheese core



t. 5, 1939- J. o. PRECOURT 2,171,890

YARN CHEESE CORE Filed Feb. 14, 1938 INVENTOR.

(bay/z (2 Prewu/"ZZ BY v 3 ATTORNEY.

Patented Sept. 5, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE YARN CHEESE CORE Joseph 0. Precourt, Chicago, Ill. Application February 14, 1938, Serial No. 190,462 2 Claims. (01. 242-118) This invention relates to cores employed in the textile industry as the centers of cylindrical packages of yarn technically known as cheeses.

The yarn is wound upon hollow cores to form 5 cheeses weighing from two to three pounds each, which are then stacked one upon the other usually about five deep upon hollow foraminous tubes projecting-upwardly from the bottom of a dyeing vat. The dye in which the cheeses are submerged is then circulated by pumps radially through the cheeses, alternately from the tubes, outwardly through the cheeses, and back through the cheeses into the tubes. The purpose of circulating the dye in both directions through the yarn is, of course, to diffuse the dye uniformly through the yarn of each cheese so as to attain a uniform color of yarn throughout each cheese.

One type of core heretofore used to some extent for this purpose consists of a perforated cylinder formed of a composition which will not deteriorate .or become limp under the action of the dye liquor which is pumped through the yarn at approximately boiling temperature and for a prolonged period of time. Cores of this character resemble in appearance and characteristics tubular cylinders made of Bakelite or similar composition.

One of the deficiencies of composition cores of this character is that they offer too much obstruction to the radial flow of dye liquor there-' through. These cores are perforated, but the spaces between adjacent perforations cause the dye to flow in streams through the openings while the yarn between adjacent streams is not sub- I jected to the same dye action and does not as,-

sume the same ultimate color that the yarn does which overlies the openings. The greater the number of openings through the walls of the core, the better will be the dye distribution, but if the number of perforations is increased beyond a known limit, the walls of the cores are rendered so fragile that excessive breakage occurs in the handling of the cores and the ensuing cost renders their use prohibitive. A durable core oifers such obstruction to the flow of dye liquor that uniform dyeing is unattainable whereas a core having so many perforations that it ofiers little obstruction to the dye liquor flow is so fragile that the losses through breakage preclude its use.

Another type of core in common use is made of mom-corrosive metal. The initial cost of such cores, however, is very high, and since because of their cost they must be used repeatedly instead of being shipped in the cheese to the pur- 56 chaser of the yarn, a rewinding of the yarn from these cores onto paper tubes becomes necessary. Obviously, this additional rewinding operation materially increases the cost of production of the yarn.

The primary purpose of my present invention 5 is to provide a core which can be produced so cheaply that it can be shipped in the yarn cheese to the yarn user and can be discarded after the yarn has been unwound therefrom in the machine by which the yarn is next treated. 9

Another purpose is to provide a core which will offer a minimum of obstruction to the flow of dye liquor therethrough and through the yarn cheese wound thereon, thereby enabling the dye to be uniformly distributed through the cheese so as to produce a uniform color of the yarn throughout the cheese.

Another object of the invention is to provide .a

core which will be sufiiciently strong to successfully withstand without breakage the use to which 20 it is subjected during handling and during the dyeing and winding operations.

To facilitate an understanding of my invention, I have illustrated on the accompanying, drawing a preferred embodiment thereof, refer- 25 ring to which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a core constructed in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a similar view with a flbrous-stockinet applied to the core, the yarn cheese being indi- 30 cated in this figure by dotted lines;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the line 33 of Fig. 2; and

-Fig. '4 is an enlarged fragmentary, sectional view on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1. 35

Referring to the drawing more'in detail, reference character 5 indicates generally my improved core which is cylindrical in form and comprises a series of spiral convolutions, the adjacent con-' volutions being spaced apart a substantial dis- 40 tance so as to provide an open sided tube or hollow cylinder through which the dye liquor. may freely circulate with a minimum of obstruction so that the liquor will be uniformly distributed throughout the cheese to evenly and Tmiformly 45 dye the yarn wound thereon. I

The core is made from a continuous-strip of stiff somewhat resilient sheet material of a fibrous character which has been treated with'a gelatinizing agent and subjected to heat and pressure, 50 or the strip may be formed of vulcanized fiber produced directly from a gelatinized pulp or 'fiber stock embodying cotton fibers or the like. I

The cylindrical core should be sufficiently stifi, resilient and impervious to retain its form and composition when subjected for several hours to the action of the dye liquor at substantially boiling temperatures. It must therefore be heat resistant to temperatures approximately 212 F., impervious to penetration by the dye liquor, and sufli'ciently stiff and resilient to maintain its form and support the yarn wound thereon during the winding and handling operations as well as during the dyeing operation.

To enable the yarn to be wound upon the core without entering between the widely spaced apart convolutions, a tubular stockinet 6 of foraminous textile structure, preferably knit, is disposed over the core before the winding operation is begun. This stockinet, which is very inexpensive, is used but once and remains with and is discarded with the core after the yarn has been removed therefrom by the user. The outlines of the yarn cheese are indicated by reference character i, but since the yarn is wound on the core in the usual manner no detailed description of the winding or of the resultant cheese are necessary.

While the stripof fibrous material from which the core is formed may be of homogeneous, cross sectional structure, the vulcanizing operation will usually in practice produce a hardened shell or surface indicated in Fig. 4 by reference charac-- ter 8 upon the material, while the center or body between these surfaces will customarily be less hard and impervious than the shell, which, in such instances, acts as a protecting sheath to resist access of the dye liquor to the body of the material.

A core made in accordance with my invention is strong and durable so that breakage inuse or in handling is extremely rare; the core offers minimum obstruction to the circulation of dye liquor, thereby contributing to the uniformity in color of the dyed product; the core is resistant to the action of the dye liquor at high temperatures so that it will retain its shape and composition during the dyeing operation, and is capable'of being manufactured so cheaply that it may be discarded after being used but once. The use of my improved core eliminates the rewinding operation which is a necessary adjunct to the use of the high-priced metal cores previously mentioned, and it offers less obstruction to the dye liquor flow than the perforated composition tubes now in use, thereby increasing the uniformity of color and therefore the value of the dyed product. My core, therefore possesses advantages over both types of cores heretofore employed and is superior thereto in many respects.

While I have herein referred to dyeing liquor, it should be understood that the character of the liquor is immaterial, since the same process is employed in bleaching as in dyeing, except that a bleaching liquor instead of a dyeing liquor is used.

The structural details illustrated and described are illustrative merely and may obviously be varied within considerable limits without exceeding the scope of my invention as set forth in the following claims.

I claim:

1. A yarn cheese core in the shape of a hollow open-sided cylinder composed of spiral convolutions spaced a substantial distance apart and formed of a strip of vulcanized fiber having hardened outer surfaces resistant to heat and moisture when subjected for extended periods to the action of boiling dye liquor and a relatively less hard and impervious body portion between the hardened outer surfaces.

2. A yarn cheese core resistant to heat, moisture and deformity under prolonged subjection to the action of dye liquor at dyeing temperatures, comprising a strip of vulcanized fiber having a hardened shell enclosing a less hard and less impervious core, said strip being arranged in spiral convolutions spaced a substantial distance apart to form a hollow open-sided cylinder permitting circulation of dye liquor therethrough.

JOSEPH 0. PRECOURT. 

